Modeling and Control of a Sustainable Aquaponic Systems: Case Study in Saudi Arabia

Aquaponics, an innovative integration of hydroponics and aquaculture, offers a sustainable approach to food production, particularly in arid regions like Saudi Arabia. This study presents a predictive model for aquaponic systems, which estimates key parameters such as water temperature, energy consumption, and nutrient cycling. Through real-time monitoring, the model provides information on system performance under Saudi Arabia’s extreme environmental condition. A weather simulation for Riyadh highlights seasonal energy requirements, with high cooling needs in summer and moderate heating needs in winter. The predictive model helps stabilize water temperature, optimize nutrient circulation, and enhance the overall resilience of the system. This research provides a framework for smart aquaponic systems, contributing to the advancement of climate adaptive, resource-efficient agriculture.